Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini[a] (29 July – 28 April ) was an Italian politician, journalist and dictator who was the Prime Minister of Italy, which lasted from the March on Rome in until his overthrow in He founded the National Fascist Party (PNF) after adopting the title Duce ("leader") of Italian fascism. Mussolini first organized the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento.